1. What is the HOMA-IR Equation?

The HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) equation estimates insulin resistance from fasting insulin and glucose levels. It provides a simple and reliable method to assess insulin sensitivity in clinical practice and research.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the HOMA-IR equation:

Where:

• \( Insulin \) — Fasting insulin level (μU/mL)
• \( Glucose \) — Fasting glucose level (mmol/L)
• 22.5 — Normalization constant

Explanation: The equation calculates insulin resistance by multiplying fasting insulin and glucose levels, then dividing by the normalization constant 22.5.

3. Importance of HOMA-IR Calculation

Details: HOMA-IR is a valuable tool for assessing insulin resistance, which is associated with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. It helps in early detection and monitoring of insulin resistance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fasting insulin in μU/mL and fasting glucose in mmol/L. Both values must be valid (greater than 0). For accurate results, measurements should be taken after an overnight fast.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are normal HOMA-IR values?
A: Normal HOMA-IR values are typically below 2.0. Values above 2.0 may indicate insulin resistance, though cutoff points may vary between populations.

Q2: When should insulin and glucose be measured?
A: Measurements should be taken after an overnight fast (8-12 hours) for accurate assessment of fasting levels.

Q3: Are there limitations to HOMA-IR?
A: HOMA-IR is an estimate and may not be as accurate as more complex methods like hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. It may be less reliable in certain conditions like liver disease.

Q4: Can HOMA-IR be used for diagnosis?
A: HOMA-IR is a screening tool and should be used in conjunction with other clinical assessments for diagnosis of insulin resistance and related conditions.

Q5: How often should HOMA-IR be measured?
A: Frequency depends on individual risk factors and clinical context. It may be measured periodically to monitor changes in insulin sensitivity over time.